YEAR 5 MATHS FOCUS
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY
Chance
Learning Experiences
Chance
CHANCE
OUTCOME
A student:
MA3-19SP:
conducts chance experiments and assigns probabilities as values between 0 and 1 to describe their outcomes
TEACHING POINTS | Students will need some prior experience in ordering fractions and decimals on a number line from 0 to 1. |
| The probability of chance events occurring can be ordered on a scale from 0 to 1. A probability of 0 describes the probability of an event that is impossible. A probability of 1 describes the probability of an event that is certain. Events with an equal likelihood of occurring or not occurring can be described as having a probability of 1/2 (or 0.5 or 50%). Other expressions of probability fall between 0 and 1, eg events described as ‘unlikely’ will have a numerical value somewhere between 0 and 1/2 (or 0.5 or 50%). | |
| The sum of the probabilities of the outcomes of any chance experiment is equal to 1. This can be demonstrated by adding the probabilities of all of the outcomes of a chance experiment, such as rolling a die. |
LANGUAGE | Students should be able to communicate using the following language: chance, event, likelihood, certain, possible, likely, unlikely, impossible, experiment, outcome, probability. |
| The probability of an outcome is the value (between 0 and 1) used to describe the chance that the outcome will occur. | |
| A list of all of the outcomes for a chance experiment is known as the ‘sample space’; however, this term is not introduced until Stage 4. |
EXPECTATIONS OF ATTAINMENT
List outcomes of chance experiments involving equally likely outcomes and represent probabilities of those outcomes using fractions (ACMSP116) | use the term ‘probability’ to describe the numerical value that represents the likelihood of an outcome of a chance experiment {Literacy} |
| recognise that outcomes are described as ‘equally likely’ when any one outcome has the same chance of occurring as any other outcome {Literacy} | |
| list all outcomes in chance experiments where each outcome is equally likely to occur | |
| represent probabilities of outcomes of chance experiments using fractions, eg for one throw of a standard six-sided die or for one spin of an eight-sector spinner | |
| – determine the likelihood of winning simple games by considering the number of possible outcomes, eg in a ‘rock-paper-scissors’ game {Problem Solving, Reasoning, Information and communication technology capability, Critical and creative thinking} |
Recognise that probabilities range from 0 to 1 (ACMSP117) | establish that the sum of the probabilities of the outcomes of any chance experiment is equal to 1 |
| order commonly used chance words on an interval from zero (‘impossible’) to one (‘certain’), eg ‘equally likely’ would be placed at 1/2 (or 0.5) {Literacy} | |
| – describe events that are impossible and events that are certain {Communicating, Literacy, Critical and creative thinking} | |
| – describe the likelihood of a variety of events as being more or less than a half (or 0.5) and order the events on an interval {Communicating} |
Learning Experiences
To be added